Ghunnah (غنّة) is the nasal sound that resonates from the nasal passage (khayshoom) when pronouncing certain letters or applying certain Tajweed rules. It is an essential component of Arabic phonology and plays a significant role in correct Quran recitation. The ghunnah is inherently present in the letters noon (ن) and meem (م) at all times, but its prominence varies depending on the Tajweed rule being applied.
The ghunnah is classified into different levels of prominence. The strongest ghunnah appears in cases of Idghaam with ghunnah and Ikhfaa (both for Noon Sakinah and Meem Sakinah). In these situations, the ghunnah is held for approximately two counts (harakaat). A slightly less prominent ghunnah is present in the natural pronunciation of noon and meem when they carry a shaddah. The lightest ghunnah is in the regular pronunciation of noon or meem with a vowel.
When practicing ghunnah, the key is to produce a smooth, resonant nasal sound without exaggeration. The sound should flow naturally through the nose for the correct duration. A common error is making the ghunnah too heavy or too nasal, or not holding it for the proper duration. Another mistake is applying ghunnah where it should not be applied, such as in cases of Ith-haar.
Our Tajweed lessons include dedicated exercises for ghunnah practice. You will learn to distinguish the different levels of ghunnah, practice holding the sound for the correct duration, and apply it properly within the context of various Tajweed rules. Audio examples from expert reciters help calibrate your ear to the correct sound quality.